Let \(X_1,X_2,\ldots \) be independent identically distributed random variables with characteristic function \(\varphi \). Let \(N\) be a random variable with distribution \[ \mathbb {P}\{N=k\}=\frac {1}{2^k},\qquad k=1,2,\ldots . \] It is assumed that \(\{X_i,\ i\geq 1\}\) and \(N\) are independent.
(a) Compute the characteristic function of \(Y=X_1+\cdots X_N\).
(b) Can you weaken the condition that \(\{X_i,\ i\geq 1\}\) and \(N\) are independent so that the formula obtained in part (a) remains true?