Let \(X\) be the union of circles in \(\mathbb {R}^2\) with centers at \((0,\frac {1}{2n})\) and radius \(1/n\). Show \(X\) doesn’t have a universal cover (show that every connected covering space of \(X\), including \(X\) itself, has non-trivial \(\pi _1\)).
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Math 6510 • Differentiable Manifolds
Spring 2009 • Question 7