Let \(M\) be a closed, connected, orientable 3-manifold such that \[ H_1(M;\mathbb {Z})=\mathbb {Z}\oplus \mathbb {Z}_2. \] Calculate the
remaining homology and cohomology groups with \(\mathbb {Z}\) coefficients.
Show that the Euler characteristic of any closed 3-manifold is zero.
Now assume that \(M\) is a closed, non-orientable 3-manifold. Show that \(H_1(M;\mathbb {Z})\) is
infinite.