Let \(V\) and \(W\) be vector fields on \(\mathbb {R}^3\) given by \[ V(x,y,z)=\frac {\partial }{\partial x} -y\frac {\partial }{\partial z} \quad \text {and}\quad W(x,y,z)=\frac {\partial }{\partial y} +x^2\frac {\partial }{\partial z}. \]
- Find \([V,W](x,y,z)\).
- What is the definition of an integrable, \(k\)-dimensional plane field on a manifold \(M\)?
- Prove or disprove: \(\Delta (x,y,z)=\operatorname {Span}\{V(x,y,z),W(x,y,z)\}\) is an integrable plane field.
- Give an example of three foliations on a two dimensional torus: one with every leaf compact; one with every leaf noncompact; and one with some compact and some noncompact leaves.