Let \(f:[0,\infty )\times \mathbb {R}^d\to \mathbb {R}^d\) be a continuously differentiable function and \(x_0\in \mathbb {R}^d\) be such that \(f(t,x_0)=0\) for all \(t\ge 0\).
Define: the constant solution \(x(t)=x_0\) on \(t\ge 0\) is a stable (Liapunov stable) solution
for of \[ \dot {x}=f(t,x). \]
Let \(A\) be an \(d\times d\) real matrix. State and prove a theorem that gives necessary
and sufficient conditions on \(A\) so that the the zero solution \(z(t)=0\) on \(t\ge 0\) is stable for
\[ \dot {x}=Ax. \]
Let \(A(t)\) be a smooth, \(T\)-periodic for some \(T>0\), \(d\times d\) real matrix function. State but
don’t prove a theorem that gives necessary and sufficient conditions on \(A(t)\)
so that the the zero solution \(z(t)=0\) is stable for \[ \dot {x}=A(t)x. \]