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Question

Math 6420 • PDE

Fall 2014 • Question 4

Let \(\ell ^{1'}\) be the dual space of \(\ell ^1\). The objective here is to show that \(\ell ^{1'}\) is isomorphic to \(\ell ^\infty \). You may use that a Schauder basis for \(\ell ^1\) (and \(\ell ^\infty \)) is \((e_k)\), where \(e_k=(\delta _{kj})\), i.e. the sequence with zeroes everywhere except for a \(1\) in the \(k\)–th position.

  1. Show that any \(f\in \ell ^{1'}\) corresponds to a sequence \(g=(\gamma _k)\in \ell ^\infty \).
  2. Show that any sequence \(g=(\gamma _k)\in \ell ^\infty \) corresponds to some \(f\in \ell ^{1'}\).
  3. Parts (a) and (b) define a bijective linear mapping \(G:\ell ^{1'}\to \ell ^\infty \). Prove that \(G\) is an isomorphism by showing \(\lVert f\rVert _{\ell ^{1'}}=\lVert G(f)\rVert _{\ell ^\infty }\) for any \(f\in \ell ^{1'}\).

Raw LaTeX

Let \(\ell^{1'}\) be the dual space of \(\ell^1\). The objective here is to show that
\(\ell^{1'}\) is isomorphic to \(\ell^\infty\). You may use that a Schauder basis for
\(\ell^1\) (and \(\ell^\infty\)) is \((e_k)\), where \(e_k=(\delta_{kj})\), i.e. the sequence
with zeroes everywhere except for a \(1\) in the \(k\)--th position.
\begin{enumerate}
\item[(a)] Show that any \(f\in \ell^{1'}\) corresponds to a sequence
\(g=(\gamma_k)\in\ell^\infty\).

\item[(b)] Show that any sequence \(g=(\gamma_k)\in\ell^\infty\) corresponds to some
\(f\in\ell^{1'}\).

\item[(c)] Parts (a) and (b) define a bijective linear mapping
\(G:\ell^{1'}\to\ell^\infty\). Prove that \(G\) is an isomorphism by showing
\(\lVert f\rVert_{\ell^{1'}}=\lVert G(f)\rVert_{\ell^\infty}\) for any
\(f\in\ell^{1'}\).
\end{enumerate}